Ukukhethwa kwendawo kugqitywa ngokusekelwe kuvavanyo olupheleleyo lwezinto ezifana nohlobo lokuzalela, iimeko zendalo kunye neemeko zentlalo.
(1) Umgaqo wokukhetha indawo
Indawo ivulekile kwaye indawo iphezulu; indawo ifanelekile, umgangatho womhlaba ulungile; ilanga likhuselekile emoyeni, lithe tyaba kwaye lomile; uthutho lulula, amanzi nombane zithembekile;
(2) Iimfuno ezithile
①Indawo ivulekile kwaye indawo iphezulu. Indawo kufuneka ivuleke, ingabi mxinwa kakhulu kwaye ibe nde kakhulu kwaye ibe neekona ezininzi kakhulu, kungenjalo ayilungelanga ukubekwa kweefama nezinye izakhiwo kunye nokucoca iishedi kunye namabala emidlalo. Indawo kufuneka ilungele ukwakha ishedi ende ukusuka empuma ukuya entshona, ijonge emazantsi nangasentla, okanye ilungele ukwakha ishedi ejonge kumzantsi-mpuma okanye empuma. Indawo yokwakha kufuneka ikhethwe kwindawo ephakamileyo, kungenjalo kulula ukuqokelela amanzi, alungelanga ukuzala.
②Indawo ifanelekile kwaye umgangatho womhlaba ulungile. Ubungakanani bomhlaba kufuneka buhambelane neemfuno zokuzalela, kwaye kungcono ukuqwalasela ukusetyenziswa kophuhliso. Ukuba wakha ishedi yeenkukhu, indawo yokwakha yokuhlala, indawo yokugcina ukutya, igumbi lokufuya iinkuku, njl.njl. kufuneka kuqwalaselwe.
Umhlaba weshedi ekhethiweyo kufuneka ube yi-sandy loam okanye i-loam, ungabi yi-sandy okanye udongwe. Ngenxa yokuba i-sandy loam inomoya ofanelekileyo kwaye amanzi angena, inamandla okubamba amanzi aphantsi, ingabi ludaka emva kwemvula, kwaye kulula ukuyigcina yomile ngokufanelekileyo, inokuthintela ukuzala nokuzala kweebhaktheriya ezibangela izifo, amaqanda e-parasite, iingcongconi kunye neempukane. Kwangaxeshanye, ineenzuzo zokuzicoca kunye nobushushu bomhlaba obuzinzileyo, obuluncedo ngakumbi ekuzaleni. Umhlaba we-loam ukwanazo neenzuzo ezininzi, kwaye ungakha neeshedi kuwo. Umhlaba wesanti okanye wodongwe uneziphene ezininzi, ngoko ke akufanelekanga ukwakha ishedi kuwo.
③Ilanga kwaye ikhuselekile emoyeni, ithe tyaba kwaye yomile. Umhlaba kufuneka ukhuselwe elangeni ukugcina ubushushu bemozulu buzinzile kwaye kuncitshiswe ukungena komoya nekhephu ebusika nasentwasahlobo, ingakumbi ukuphepha iindlela zeentaba kunye neentlambo ezinde kumntla-ntshona.
Umhlaba kufuneka ube tyaba kwaye ungabi lingananga. Ukuze kube lula ukutsalwa kwamanzi, umhlaba kufuneka ube nomthambeka omncinci, kwaye umthambeka kufuneka ujonge elangeni. Umhlaba kufuneka wome, ungabi manzi, kwaye indawo kufuneka ibe nomoya owaneleyo.
④Uthutho olulula kunye namanzi nombane othembekileyo. Izithuthi kufuneka zibe lula ngakumbi, kube lula ukuzithutha, ukuze kube lula ukuphakelwa kunye nokuthengiswa.
Umthombo wamanzi ufanele wanele ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zamanzi kwinkqubo yokuzalisa. Kwinkqubo yokuzalisa, iinkukhu zifuna amanzi amaninzi okusela acocekileyo, kwaye ukucocwa nokubulawa kweentsholongwane kwiishedi nezixhobo kufuna amanzi. Abalimi kufuneka bacinge ngokumba amaqula nokwakha iinqaba zamanzi kufutshane nabo.iifama zeenkukhuUmgangatho wamanzi uyimfuneko ukuze ube mhle, amanzi akufuneki abe neentsholongwane kunye nezinto ezinobungozi, kwaye kufuneka acace kwaye angabi navumba lingaqhelekanga.
Umbane awunakucinywa ngexesha lonke lenkqubo yokuzalisa, kwaye umbane kufuneka uthembeke. Kwiindawo apho umbane ucinywa rhoqo, abalimi kufuneka bazise iijenereyitha zabo.
⑤Shiya ilali kwaye uphephe ubulungisa. Indawo yetyotyombe elikhethiweyo kufuneka ibe yindawo enendawo ezolileyo necocekileyo. Kwangaxeshanye, kufuneka ihlangabezane nezikhokelo zempilo yoluntu, kwaye akufuneki ibe kufutshane neendawo ezixineneyo ezifana neelali, iidolophu kunye neemarike, kwaye akufuneki iyenze ibe ngumthombo wongcoliseko kwindawo yoluntu ejikelezileyo.
⑥Kuphephe ungcoliseko kwaye uhlangabezane nemigangatho yokusingqongileyo. Indawo ekhethiweyo mayibe kude neendawo apho “inkunkuma emithathu” ikhutshwa khona, kwaye ingabi kude neendawo ezinokubangela ukusasazeka kwezifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane, njengezikhululo zezilwanyana, iindawo zokuxhela, izityalo zokucubungula imveliso yezilwanyana, iindawo apho izifo zemfuyo nezeenkuku zixhaphakileyo khona, kwaye zama ukungakhi iishedi okanye iishedi ezindala.iifama zeenkukhuUlwandiso; shiya iindawo zokukhusela imithombo yamanzi, iindawo zabakhenkethi, iindawo zokugcina indalo kunye nezinye iindawo ezingenako ukungcoliswa; shiya iindawo ezingqongileyo kunye neendawo ezinomoya ongcolileyo, ubushushu obufumileyo, obubandayo okanye obushushu, kwaye uzigcine kude negadi yeziqhamo ukuthintela ityhefu yezibulali-zinambuzane. Akufuneki kubekho imibhobho engcolileyo kufutshane.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Matshi-22-2022
